X-rays diffraction spectra of hardened geopolymeric materials (resins and cements) do not provide accurate information (amorphous structure). High-resolution MAS-NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) spectroscopy of 29Si and 27Al is a very powerful tool that provides useful structural data.
For more updated information, see in Davidovits’ book, GEOPOLYMER Chemistry & Applications, the Chapter 4. You may also download previous scientific papers #12 J. Thermal Analysis , #3 NASTS award or #8 Alkaline Cements and Concretes . Other scientific means of investigation, including DTA, XRF, ANOVA, liquid NMR, FTIR spectroscopy, SEM, TEM, mechanical resistance, fatigue under stress and cycles, load-deflection, thermal resistance, leaching behaviour, hydraulic conductivity, microbial stability, are discussed in the various papers presented at the Geopolymer World Congress and published in the Proceedings of Geoplymer 2005.
